The history of project management is a fascinating journey that spans several key periods. Let us delve into the evolution of this interesting and relevant discipline.

The history of project management can be traced as far back as 1910 when Henry Gantt introduced the ‘Gantt Chart’ as a tool to provide visual representation of project schedules and timelines.
In today’s world there are various software and applications that can be used to manage projects. An integral part of such applications is the incorporation of tools to create and develop visual representations of various aspects of the project.

1. Pre 1958

Prior to 1958, project management lacked formal methodologies. Large projects often relied on individual talent and straightforward organisation. Notable projects during this period include the construction of the Great Wall and the Pyramids. However, it was the multi-faceted projects of the Cold War that necessitated modern methods.

2. 1958-1979

This period marks the start of modern project management. Critical Path Method (CPM); and Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) were developed in the late 1950s. CPM revolves around discovering the most important tasks in the project timeline, identifying task dependencies, and calculating task durations. It helps you break down complex projects into individual tasks and gain a better understanding of the overall project flexibility. PERT was developed by the U.S. Navy during the Cold War to manage complex defence projects such as the Polaris missile submarine program. Its primary goal was to provide a structured approach to project planning, allowing organisations to make informed decisions based on probabilistic analysis.

NASA and the Apollo programs significantly contributed to project management advancements. Concepts like work breakdown structure; a key component in project management, providing a clear visualisation of the tasks and deliverables that make up a project, now became essential.

3. 1980-1994

The need for improved risk management practices and initiatives started to emerge. Rapid development and expansion of the corporate sector called for innovative development in the software industry which facilitated the need for project management. Risk management in project management involves understanding the project context and creating a plan of how risk will be managed throughout the project.

During this era, computer analysis also gained prominence. A Computer analysis project is a process where technology professionals review a technological system, like a software package, to identify concerns and suggest improvements.

4. 1995 to present day

This era welcomed the realm of project management methodologies, each with its own unique approach. Below are some commonly used methodologies:
1. Agile
2. Scrum
3. Kanban
4. Waterfall
5. PRINCE2 (Projects in Controlled Environments)
6. Six Sigma
7. Critical Path Method (CPM)
8. Extreme Programming (XP)
9. Lean
10. PMBOK (Project Management Body of Knowledge)
11. Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM)
12. Scrumban

In summary, project management’s history reflects the development of techniques and tools that have shaped significant events, from world wars to space exploration and beyond.

To further understand in more detail, it is important to explore the principles of project management. In project management, “principles” refer to the fundamental guidelines or rules that provide a foundation for managing projects effectively. They are the core ideas that drive the project management process, ensuring consistency, efficiency, and success.